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alzheimers, alzheimers activitiies, dementia, dementia activities, dementia art therapy, montessori
As dementia progresses, it becomes challenging to find activities that encourage mental, emotional, and sensory stimulation. At the same time, we are often in search of ways to connect with our loved one when conversation is no longer an option. Possibilities are as wide and varied as one’s imagination, but here are a few ideas to get you started.
Photographs & Picture Books
My mom enjoyed looking at photos, so I always kept a scrapbook and some photo albums on hand. Later, I added a digital frame that continually scrolled through favorite photographs. Those pictures provided so many smiles, and I have fond memories of sitting next to her on the sofa flipping through the books. It’s impossible to know whether she recognized the people in the pictures – or whether they triggered any memories, but I do know they brought her joy in those moments, and that was the important thing.
Coffee table books full of large colorful images are also a nice option. Think about some of your loved one’s favorite things, and find a book on those topics. Children and animals are always a popular choice, but other potential topics include travel/scenery, cars, food, sports, and many more.
A few examples (all available on Amazon) include:
- Dogs
- Sweet Dreams: Wishes For Our Children
- Journeys of a Lifetime: 500 of the World’s Greatest Trips
- Life: Wonders of The World
- Smitten: A Kitten’s Guide to Happiness
Dolls & Stuffed Animals
There was a woman at Mom’s first assisted living facility that had a profound and lasting impact on me. She had advanced dementia and struggled to speak. The woman was confined to a wheelchair, and every time I saw her, she was holding the same disheveled baby doll.
It was a poignant sight, and I recall feeling so sad for that woman. At the time, my mom was in the mid/moderate stages of the disease, so thinking of her with a doll wasn’t something I could even comprehend. She would never get to that point…
But, alas, she would and she did, yet when one of the caregivers asked if she could give Mom a doll, I was caught off guard. I remembered that woman from several years back and realized we had now arrived at that place in our journey – a place I never dreamed we’d be.
Mom immediately fell in love with her Dora the Explorer doll. The initial discomfort I felt dissipated instantly as I watched my mom’s genuine, heartwarming interactions with Dora. I was continually astounded at the delight and enjoyment the doll brought.
Dolls and stuffed animals allow our loved ones the unique opportunity to give care instead of receiving it. They also offer a distraction while providing positive sensory stimulation and they can even trigger memories. While there are expensive life-like therapy dolls on the market, in my experience, a regular doll works just as well and costs much less.
Fidget Quilts & Fiddle Boxes
Fidget quilts use a variety of colors, textures, and objects to keep busy hands occupied. Some quilts feature zippers, buttons, and Velcro, but the possibilities are endless. Many people design quilts around their loved one’s pre-dementia interests.
A “fiddle box” is a similar concept; simply a box (or basket) filled with items that provide a variety of tactile experiences. You might also consider your loved one’s hobbies or interests when putting this together. Ideas: buttons, ribbon, shoelaces, keys, marbles, jewelry, photos, small bits of pipe or safe small hardware items, various size paintbrushes, cookie cutters, measuring spoons.
How about a Busy Hands Fidget Apron or a handyman version for the gentleman in your life? Or if neither one of those strike your fancy, consider a Twiddle Muff or a sensory cushion. The Internet is overflowing with creative ideas, and Pinterest is an excellent starting point.
Art
According to the folks at Cognitive Dynamics, “Art therapy is the deliberate use of art-making to address psychological and emotional needs. Its benefits include fostering self-expression, enhancing coping skills, managing stress, and strengthening a sense of self. This translates into improved communication, behavior, and cognition.”
When the ability to communicate verbally is gone, art is lovely method of self-expression and creativity. Like music, art brings people together, and it doesn’t require a lot of fancy materials or special skills. Start with some heavy paper or card stock, a basic set of watercolors and a paintbrush, colored pencils or markers – it’s that simple!
Clay is another fantastic way to encourage creativity, interaction, and hand-eye coordination. I recommend good old Play-Doh since it’s brightly colored and more pliable than some of the modeling clay on the market. Combine the clay with a rolling pin and cookie cutters and you’ve created a form of reminiscence therapy for someone who once loved baking cookies!
Puzzles
My mom loved puzzles; we always had one going during the winter months. However, by the moderate stages of Alzheimer’s, large jigsaw puzzles overwhelmed and frustrated her. I hesitated to buy children’s puzzles, which had fewer (and larger) pieces because the designs were intended for kids. She was declining, no doubt, but still, I was afraid the children’s puzzles might be degrading in her moments of clarity.
Now there are puzzles designed specifically with dementia patients in mind. Max Wallack’s non-profit, Puzzles to Remember has partnered with Springbok to create puzzles with 12 or 36 large pieces that are much easier for Alzheimer’s patients to manipulate. Themes are adult-friendly, colorful, and pleasing to the eye. The puzzles provide a great way to stimulate cognition while offering your person an opportunity to achieve success!
Sorting & Organizing
Providing a loved one with sorting and organizing tasks is another beneficial way to keep dementia patients engaged and active. On a recent visit to a care facility, I observed one of the residents organizing the newspaper – apparently a daily ritual. Each morning, caregivers take apart the paper and lay the sections out on the kitchen table. With no prompting, the woman sits down and organizes the mess just perfectly, laying each section on top of the one before it about an inch below the last, creating a fan or stair step like pattern.
Consider using brightly colored marbles, several different kinds of fruit, socks, silverware, or various hardware items, such as nuts, screws, and washers. It makes little difference how well these things are sorted; the idea is to keep hands and mind busy, and help your person feel a sense of purpose.
Proponents of the Montessori method for dementia suggest these types of activities can reduce aggression, agitation, and other negative behaviors, improving quality of life.
Follow Their Lead
If you’re looking for other ideas, pick up a copy of The Alzheimer’s Creativity Book, by Jytte Lokvig, Ph.D. The book is full of suggestions to get the creative juices flowing, which in turn improves engagement, provides positive reinforcement, and promotes an overall feeling of well being for your loved one.
As you consider activities, remember this is not a “one size fits all” proposition. There are few things more unpredictable than dementia. Depending on the time of day, level of agitation, and mental status, preferences may vary. In fact, some days no activity is the right activity. Most importantly, don’t force the issue. The key is to offer options, then follow your person’s lead. In the process, you’ll create some extraordinarily beautiful moments of joy.
Please consider sharing your own experience or a favorite activity by leaving a comment!
Great article, Ann. Practical tools. And, as you’ve said, it’s critically important to follow their lead. http://www.movingmama.net.
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Thanks Anne. Definitely important … following their lead and going to their world when they can’t find their way to ours.
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Ann, I’ve recently heard the term, “Get in the Boat with them” – I didn’t understand what that meant until I realized that being defensive was not winning me points with my mom – she just got angrier. The more I defended my stand or tried to speak truth into my mother, the more I was met with resistance. If I could share one thing with others, it would be that even when you can’t take another minute of the description of their world from their eyes (which most of the time is different through your own lenses), just smile and nod. Eventually you’ll become less defensive and understand that if you get into the boat with them, your ride will be much smoother. Just this week my mother started pointed to the TV and telling me that the people on the TV lived at her center. I tried to get her to understand that the people on TV did not live at the center and that they were movie stars, etc. She became increasingly hostle with me. So, I thought, I’ll play along – “yes, they do live here, I’ve seen some of them”. Immediately my mother said, “I told you they live here, and they are really nice to me too”, she smiled. One simple act of not needing to be right all of the time, made my mother smile. Getting into their boat calms the seas and the emotions! 🙂
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Cindy – you’ve reached a big milestone. Once you stop fighting it and go to their world, life does become easier. You begin to accept them as they are – that is such a beautiful thing. My Chicken Soup for the Soul piece was about reaching that point of acceptance. It was definitely a turning point for me. I just wish I’d gotten there much, much sooner. Thanks for the comment and sharing your experience and advice. xo
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Although my mother had no idea what the words meant, in the years before she became completely nonverbal, she liked it when I wrote short common words in large block letters in a notebook. I’d point to the letter and she’d name it. Sometimes she got the word. It was unusual, I was told, for someone to have such limited spoken comprehension and expression, but still say the alphabet and some words. She had always been a diligent student and she thrilled at getting it right–and of course with me writing the letters, she always got it right, even when she didn’t.
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Interesting that she maintained that ability for so long, but also wonderful as I’m sure it gave her a feeling of accomplishment. Very early on, Jess played “hangman” with my mom for hours on end. Mom loved it. Eventually, the words had to be simpler, and then eventually she lost interest undoubtedly because she wasn’t able to put it all together. Sad.
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